Periodontology is the branch of dentistry that deals with the health, disease and treatment of the supporting tissues surrounding the teeth (gums, bone and periodontal ligament). This field is critical for oral health because the supporting tissues must be healthy for the teeth to remain healthy in the mouth.
Gum disease is usually caused by plaque and tartar that builds up around the teeth. These diseases can be seen in various stages, from initial to advanced:
It is the initial stage of gum diseases.
The gums become red, swollen and tend to bleed due to plaque accumulation.
If left untreated at this stage, it can progress to periodontitis.
It occurs when gingivitis is left untreated.
The gums and bone tissue supporting the teeth are affected.
It can lead to problems such as gum recession, pocket formation, bone loss and loose teeth.
If left untreated, it can cause tooth loss.
Bleeding gums (especially when brushing your teeth).
Redness, swelling and tenderness of the gums.
Bad breath.
Receding gums (exposure of tooth roots).
Gaps between teeth or loose teeth.
Discomfort or pain when chewing.
Periodontal diseases can be of different levels and therefore treatment methods vary according to the severity of the disease:
Regular Dental Cleaning (Detertraj):
Removing plaque and tartar buildup is the first step in maintaining gum health.
Gum Education:
Patients are taught proper tooth brushing and flossing methods.
Root Surface Smoothing (Curettage):
Removal of bacteria and infected tissue accumulated in gum pockets.
Antibiotic Treatment:
Oral or systemic antibiotics can be used to control the infection.
Flap Operation:
Cleaning is performed by lifting the gum to treat deep pockets and remove infected tissue.
Graft Applications:
Gum Graft: Gum tissue is added to correct gum recession.
Bone Graft: Bone grafting is performed to regenerate bone tissue in areas of bone loss.
Regenerative Treatments:
Special substances (regenerative materials) are used to regenerate the root surface and surrounding tissues.
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Laser technology enables precise removal of infected tissues. This method can be preferred as an alternative to surgical procedures.
Plaque and Tartar:
Plaque and hardened tartar accumulated on tooth surfaces are the most common causes.
Poor Oral Hygiene:
Inadequate brushing and flossing invite gum diseases.
Genetic Factors:
If there is a family history of gum disease, the risk may be higher.
Smoking and Tobacco Products:
Smoking has a serious negative impact on gum health.
Hormone Changes:
Hormone changes such as pregnancy, puberty or menopause can make the gums more sensitive.
Stress:
Stress can cause gum disease by weakening the immune system.
Diabetes and Other Systemic Diseases:
Diabetes can increase the risk of periodontal disease by affecting the immune system.
Regular Brushing and Flossing:
Brush your teeth at least twice a day and floss to prevent plaque buildup.
Dental Checkups:
Go to the dentist at least twice a year.
Healthy Diet:
Limit sugary foods and eat foods that promote gum health.
Avoid Smoking:
Smoking is a major cause of gum disease.
Stress Management:
Support your immune system by keeping stress under control.
Periodontology is one of the cornerstones of maintaining tooth and gum health. If gum diseases are diagnosed early, they can be treated and tooth loss can be prevented. A healthy mouth is the key to a healthy body. If you notice symptoms such as bleeding, redness or tenderness in your gums, you can call our Avrupa UBK Fatih branch and get detailed information and an appointment.
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